Ibirimo bikurikira byahinduwe kuva mu Bushinwa isoko ukoresheje imashini nta nyuma yo guhindura.
Muburyo bwo guhindura abanya Viyetinamu n'Abashinwa, akenshi hariho ubwumvikane buke butagira ingaruka gusa kubisobanuro, ahubwo bikaganisha ku kutumvikana cyangwa gukwirakwiza amakuru atari yo. Hano haribimwe na bimwe byahinduwe muburyo bubi hamwe nibisubizo bihuye.
1. Itandukaniro mu miterere y'ururimi
Hariho itandukaniro ryingenzi mubice by'ikibonezamvugo hagati ya Vietnam na Gishinwa. Imiterere y'inteko muri Vietnam muri esquamese, hamwe ninshinga mubisanzwe biherereye hagati yinteruro, mugihe abashinwa bashimangira cyane kurutonde rwagenwe rwikintu, bisobanura, nibintu. Itandukaniro ryimiterere rishobora kuganisha ku kumenyekana cyangwa gutakaza amakuru mugihe cyo guhindura. Kurugero, muri Vietnam, guhakana kabiri birashobora gukoreshwa mugusohora, mugihe mu Gishinwa, hakenewe amagambo yemeza neza kugirango utange ibisobanuro bimwe.
Igisubizo kuri iki kibazo ni uguhindura neza imiterere yikibonezamvugo yinteruro kugirango urebe ko interuro yubushinwa ihindura imvugo yururimi rwigishinwa. Abasemuzi bakeneye gusobanukirwa cyane umugambi winyandiko yumwimerere kandi ushimangire ivugurura rishingiye ku mategeko y'ikibonezamvugo cy'Ubushinwa.
2. Ikibazo cyo guhindura ibintu bisanzwe
Ubuhinduzi busanzwe bwamagambo nimwe mubintu bitari byo mubuhinduzi. Hariho amagambo menshi nabashinwa bafite ibisobanuro bitandukanye, kandi haribintu bidashobora kuba bindikirwa. Kurugero, ijambo rya Vietnam 'c ả m ơ n' rirahinduwe mu buryo butaziguye nk '' urakoze ', ariko mu buryo bufatika, ijambo ry'igishinwa' urakoze 'amarangamutima.
Kugira ngo wirinde kutumvikana biterwa no guhindura amagambo, abasemuzi bagomba guhitamo amagambo akwiye yo mu Bushinwa ashingiye kubikenewe byukuri. Gusobanukirwa umuco n'amarangamutima yinyandiko yumwimerere, ahitamo imvugo yubushinwa ishobora kwerekana intego imwe ni urufunguzo.
3. Idioms no gukoresha nabi imvugo
Imvugo na idIOMS akenshi ntibumvikana mu buhinduzi kuko iyi mvugo ikunze kugira imico idasanzwe nimiturire. Muri Vietnam, imvugo zimwe na zimwe zidasanzwe hamwe na idIOM zishobora kuba zidafite imvugo ihuye mu gishinwa. Kurugero, interuro ya Vietnam "đ I ế ch ế ô ô ô ng ú ng ú ng ú ú ú ú ú ú ng ng ô ú ng ô ng ng ô ô ng ô ng ô ô ô ô ô ô ô ô ng ô ô ô ô ô ô ô ng ô ng ô ng ô ô.
Uburyo bwo gukemura iki kibazo ni ugutanga ibisobanuro bya idIOM cyangwa imvugo kubitabo binyuze mubusobanuro bwubusa aho kuba ibisobanuro bisanzwe. Abasemuzi bakeneye kumva ibisobanuro bifatika by'iyi litiro mu muco no gukoresha imvugo isa no gutanga ibitekerezo bimwe.
4. Kutumvikana biterwa no gutandukanya umuco
Itandukaniro ryumuco nikindi kibazo gikomeye mubisobanuro. Itandukaniro ry'umuco hagati ya Vietnam n'Ubushinwa rishobora kuganisha ku kutumvikana ibitekerezo bimwe cyangwa imvugo. Kurugero, mumuco wa Vietnam, imvugo runaka irashobora kugira ibisobanuro byihariye byimibereho cyangwa amateka bishobora kutamenyekana neza mubushinwa.
Kugirango dutsinde ibibazo biterwa numuco bitandukanye numuco, gushobora gusobanura cyane iyo mico yihariye, kandi ubanze usobanure neza imvugo idasanzwe, kandi ubanze usobanure neza iyo mico idasanzwe, kandi ubanze usobanure neza ko iyi mico idasanzwe, kandi ubanze usobanure neza ko iyi mico yihariye, kandi uyisobanure cyangwa ngo uhindure mugihe cyo guhindura abantu kubaka abasomyi b'Abashinwa.
5. Gutandukana muri Tone no Gucukura
Ijwi no gucukura birashobora gutandukana mu ndimi zitandukanye. Abanya Viyetinamu n'Abashinwa nabo bafite itandukaniro mu ijwi iyo bagaragaza ikinyabupfura, gushimangira, cyangwa guhakana. Itandukaniro rishobora gutuma igihombo cyangwa kutumva amabara yamarangamutima mugihe cyubuhinduzi. Kurugero, Vietnameses irashobora gukoresha amagambo afite amajwi akomeye kugirango agaragaze ikinyabupfura, mugihe mu gishinwa, imvugo yitonda irashobora gukenerwa.
Abasemuzi bakeneye guhindura amajwi no kudacumura ukurikije ingeso zimvugo yubushinwa kugirango urebe ko inyandiko yahinduwe ihura nubushinwa mubijyanye n'amarangamutima nubupfura. Witondere itandukaniro ryururimi kugirango umenye neza neza kandi bisanzwe mubusobanuro.
6. Guhindura amagambo yihariye
Guhindura amazina akwiye nabyo ni ibintu bikunze kugaragara. Muri Vietnam n'Abashinwa, hashobora kuba ivuguruzanya mu guhindura amazina akwiye nkahantu, amazina bwite, ahantu h'ubumwe, amazina ya Vietnase, ariko amazina ya Vietname, Ahantu hashobora kuba afite ibisobanuro byinshi mu gishinwa, ariko amazina ya Vietname
Mugihe uhanganye n'amazina akwiye, abasemuzi bagomba gukurikiza ihame ryo guhoraho no gukoresha uburyo bwo guhindura busanzwe. Kubijyanye n'amagambo yihariye adashidikanywaho, biroroshye kugisha inama ibikoresho cyangwa abanyamwuga bifitanye isano kugirango umenye neza neza kandi bihumure.
7. Kuringaniza hagati yubusobanuro busanzwe nubusobanuro bwubuntu
Ubuhinduzi busanzwe nubuhinduzi bwubusa ni uburyo bubiri mubikorwa. Mu buhinduzi bwa Viyetinamu kugeza mu Bushinwa, Ubuhinduzi busanzwe akenshi buganisha ku kutumvikana cyangwa ibisobanuro bidasobanutse, mugihe ubusobanuro bwubusa, mugihe ubusobanuro bwubusa bushobora kuba bwiza butanga intego yinyandiko yumwimerere. Ariko, ubusobanuro bukabije bwubusa bushobora gutuma ubusobanuro bwatakaje ibisobanuro cyangwa ibintu byumwimerere.
Abasemuzi bakeneye kumenya uburinganire hagati yubuhinduzi bwihariye nubusobanuro bwubuntu, kuba abizerwa kubyanditswe byumwimerere mugihe bahuza ubusobanuro bwimiterere yubushinwa. Binyuze muburyo bwimbitse bwinyandiko yumwimerere, abasemuzi barashobora guhindura ibisobanuro birasanzwe kandi byoroshye kubyumva mugihe ukomeza amakuru yukuri.
8. Kubura imiterere hamwe nubumenyi bwibanze
Ukuri k'ubuhinduzi akenshi biterwa no gusobanukirwa neza imiterere hamwe nubumenyi bwibanze bwinyandiko yumwimerere. Niba umusemuzi atamenyereye societe ya Vietnam, amateka, cyangwa imigenzo, biroroshye kwirengagiza ibisobanuro cyangwa kutumvikana mugihe cyubuhinduzi.
Kugira ngo wirinde iki kibazo, abasemuzi bagomba gukora cheque yinyuma mbere yubusobanuro bwo gusobanukirwa inyuma yimibereho, umuco, n'amateka. Ibi birabyemeza ko ubusobanuro atari bwuzuye gusa, ariko kandi bugaragaza neza umugambi hamwe numuco winyandiko yumwimerere.
Inzira y'ubuhinduzi hagati ya Vietnam n'Ubushinwa yuzuye ibibazo n'ibibazo. Gusobanukirwa no gukemura ibibazo bisanzwe byavuzwe haruguru birashobora kunoza uburyo bwiza kandi bwiza bwo guhindura. Abasemuzi bakeneye kugira urufatiro rukomeye nurufatiro rwumuco, kandi ukoreshe neza ubuhanga bwubuhinduzi kugirango ugere ku makuru nyayo kandi neza yanduza amakuru mu itumanaho ryindimi.
Igihe cyohereza: Nov-28-2024